Ester Barinaga

Municipal currencies are emerging as policy tools for fostering local economies and enhancing human rights, as illustrated by the cases of Mumbuca in Maricá, Brazil, and Vilawatt in Viladecans, Spain. These local currencies address socio-economic and environmental challenges by articulating currency issuance with community priorities, such as social welfare or reducing energy poverty. Unlike national currencies that often bypass local needs, municipal currencies provide a customised means to strengthen local resilience, boost economic participation, and align economic activity with public goals. The chapter explores how these unique monetary systems contribute to creating inclusive, sustainable economies grounded in the values of human rights and community well-being.